Z kuşağını anlamak... Gençler neden göç ediyor?

Abstract

To understand a generation is to understand an era. Generations (silent generation, baby boomers, X, Y, and Z) were born in the same age range with similar demographic and psychographic characteristics serving as a lens for researchers in many different disciplines in understanding past and present events. Although the origins of generation theories go back to the historian Ibn Khaldun in the 14th century, the concept of generation and related theories in the modern sense were mentioned first by German sociologist Karl Mannheim in his seminal work "Das Problem der Generationen" (1923). After the 1970s, Howe and Strauss brought the generation theories to today's literature. Among all generations Generation Z (Gen Z), born after the mid-1990s, is the last generation alive. 30% of the world's population is composed of members of gen Z, and there are nearly 25 million gen Z members in Turkey. In this context, gen Z is a generation that has become increasingly popular lately and attracts attention not only in academics but also in many fields of research. In this popularization, besides the numerical size, the characteristics specific to the gen Z differentiate this generation from the previous generations. In the information technologies age, in a period where computer and human relations are intertwined; Gen Z is the first generation born into the digital world. Gen Z, the most educated generation in the world population; is defined as the generation that is highly digital, individualistic, sensitive to political, sociological and environmental events, independent, questioning, high consciousness and the most self-confident. Another remarkable characteristic of the gen Z is that they want to explore other cultures and geographies different from the geography they live in. For this reason, their belonging is to the world rather than the country they were born/live in. The desire of young people, to migrate to other countries for various reasons, has started to lower the age of brain drain even more. According to TUIK data, the most immigrating demographic group in Turkey is young people aged between 25-29. In this study, the characteristics of the gen Z will be analyzed in the context of generation theories and immigration; when, why and for which motives the youth of our country want to migrate will be presented within the framework of cause and effect relationship.