Mimarlık ve sembolizm ilişkisi: Türk eğitim yapılarında sembolizm

Abstract

Education, the biggest investment that can be done for the future of a nation, is the most fundamental element with its philosophy, strategy, past and future. Besides, education buildings are architecturally expected to be designed to reflect the underlying philosophy. For example, the simplicity of formal education offered by the state on equal and fair conditions can be symbolized by a simple rectangular form of the education buildings. It is also an appropriate design decision for educational buildings to have these buildings under a roof in order to evoke the feeling of trust, and homelike feelings. The form, function and visual change that educational structures have undergone since the Seljuk period, have accelerated with the change in the concept of education in the last two decades. Due to the cultural differences of the societies, there is a huge variety in the perception of space and therefore its architectural formation. According to the process, the common physical and formal characteristics of the societies which are depending on the cultural system, way of life, social and economic structure appear as “symbols’’. Since architecture is affected by all kinds of social changes, changes in society dynamics begin to affect symbols as well. Eventually some of the symbolic features of the educational buildings are lost from the society and the model of education buildings while some of the lost symbolic features reappear. The dynamic structure of architecture and the great harmony it provides to the conditions of the period can be perceived through the transformation of the symbolic features of educational buildings over the years. In this study, the concept of symbol and its reflections in architecture and other disciplines are mentioned. The meanings of different architectural symbolic values are explained. In this context, symbolic values in Turkish educational buildings are determined and transformations of these values in centuries are examined.