Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Effects of a Novel 1D Polymeric Compound 1 on Human Prostate Cancer Cells

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the morphological and cytotoxic effects of 1D polymeric compound on human prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) at concentrations of 1, 10, 25, 50, 100, 150 and 200 M. Material and Methods: The cytotoxic effects on cell proliferation were examined using the Neutral Red (NR) and 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) tests in a dose and time-dependent manner. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) was used as the positive control both alone and in combination with compound 1 to study the antagonistic and synergistic effects of various combinations on cell proliferation. Additionally, ELISA was used to determine if apoptosis or necrosis had occured. Results: The effects of compound 1 on cell morphology was observed to be significant at 50 µM for 24 hr. While NR method recorded IC50 values of 160 and 27 µM for 24 and 48 hr. respectively; MTT method were calculated as 115 and 51 µM. The IC50 value wasn’t determined after 5-FU treatment for 24 and 48 hr. IC50 values of combined concentrations were calculated as 68 and 21 µM for two different time periods. The synergistic effect was observed at 100 and 50 µM concentrations for 24 and 48 hr respectively. Compound 1 concentrations of 50 and 100 µM in the cells increased apoptotic effects in a dose-depended manner. Conclusion: In conclusion, varying concentrations of compound 1 changed the morphology of cells and in a dose and time-dependent manner, reduced proliferation. Furthermore, large quantities of compound 1 and 5- FU had synergistic effects and caused apoptosis, which is the process by which cells die.