The main purpose of this study is to respond to an important question in the field of structural engineering: is the seismic collapse capacity of optimally designed concentrically steel braced frames acceptable or not? The ...

Water is one of the concrete mixing componenis that directly affecis the workability, durability, and mechanical properties of concrete elemenis. Generaliy, potable water which is suitable for human consumption is considered ...

In recent decades, self-compacting concrete (SCC) has gradually gained popularity based on its unique workability without any internal and external vibration. SCC development must ensure an acceptable level of balance ...

Brittle behavior of substandard columns during earthquakes is among the most common reasons of structural failures. Because capacity design principles and ductile detailing concepts have not been properly adopted during ...

Beam-column joints require a high ductility during the unexpected loadings that necessitate the need for ductile concrete in such unprotected locations. Alternatively, self-compacting concrete (SCC) is a sort of concrete ...

The growing concern about global climate change and its adverse impacts on societies is putting severe pressure on the construction industry as one of the largest producers of greenhouse gases. Given the environmental ...

The principle purpose of the current study is to hybridize firefly algorithm (FA) as a nature-inspired meta-heuristic developed based on the flashing patterns and biogeography-based optimization (BBO) to present a qualified ...

One of the feasible retrofitting techniques for existing reinforced concrete (RC) structures is to use Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRPs). On the other hand, the efficiency of the FRP jacketing strategy in rectangular RC ...