Long-term prediction of rainfalls is one of the most challenging tasks in stochastic hydrology owing to the highly random characteristics of rainfall events. In this paper, a novel approach is adopted to develop a hybrid ...

In this article, meteorological and agricultural droughts across the Erbil province, Iraq, were assessed using remote sensing data and satellite products. To this end, the long-term (2000–2022) Standardized Precipitation ...

In this paper, wavelet transform coherence is implemented to examine the impacts of hydroclimatological variables on water level fluctuations in two large saline lakes in the Middle East with a similar geographical location, ...

Emotional artificial neural network (EANN) is a cutting-edge artificial intelligence method that has been used by researchers in the engineering and medical sciences over the recent years. First introduced in the 1999s, ...

Rainfall is considered the hardest weather variable to forecast, and its cause-effect relationships often cannot be expressed in simple or complex mathematical forms. This study introduces a novel hybrid model to month ...

The state-of-the-art genetic programming (GP) method is an evolutionary algorithm for automatic generation of computer programs. In recent decades, GP has been frequently applied on various kind of engineering problems and ...

Genetic programming (GP) is recognized as a robust machine learning method for rainfall-runoff modelling. However, it may produce lagged forecasts if autocorrelation feature of runoff series is not taken carefully into ...

This paper investigates monthly, seasonal, and annual trends in rainfall, streamflow, temperature, and humidity amounts at Urmia lake (UL) basin and analyzes the interaction between these variables and UL’s water level ...