Due to the complex structure of observation based traffic accident data and the absence of an analytic model to define their characteristics, different models are required. Accident characteristics have been modeled for ...

The main purpose of this study is to respond to an important question in the field of structural engineering: is the seismic collapse capacity of optimally designed concentrically steel braced frames acceptable or not? The ...

Frame optimization that contains highly non-linear and irregular functions and discrete design variables is one of the most challenging optimization problems. Therefore, gradient-based optimization techniques cannot be ...