Küresel Siyaset ve Uluslararası İlişkiler (Tezli - İngilizce) / Global Politics & International Relations (Thesis - English)
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://acikerisim.antalya.edu.tr/handle/20.500.12566/425
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Item Nigerian immigration to Canada: the case of Calgary(Antalya Bilim Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 2023) Ochi, Walter Stephan Ikechukwu; Turan, GözdeSeveral governments so far have exploited immigration to fill workforce shortages in numerous professions in their countries. Migration, particularly from underdeveloped to developed countries, has been heavily restricted in order to admit applicants with the required expertise to fulfil the needs in the labor market. This "economic pool" of "chosen" migrants accounts for about seventy percent of immigration in the Canadian case. The causes and consequences of migration, economic and rational explanations notwithstanding, cannot be fully captured without taking into consideration of the socioeconomic as well as psychological and personal factors as to why immigrants want to move. This thesis investigates the socioeconomic circumstances of the recent young migrant group from Nigeria to Calgary, Canada. Through looking into the immigrants‘ motives for migration, experiences both before and after the migration, and expectations as well as problems in Calgary, the thesis displays that migration is a multifaceted process which opens up new opportunities yet includes also insecurities for the migrants. In order to improve the insight on migrant groups‘ experiences, the thesis will conduct a qualitative methodology with interviews and interrogate whether the future prospects of the migrants continue to be promising despite certain problems.Item A comparative study of UNICEF’s influence on education development in Bolivia and Brazil(Antalya Bilim Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 2023) Alomia, Ana Suely Zurita; Çakmaklı İşler, DidemEducation is key to the development of individuals and states. Local educational programs with universal principles are currently being developed across the world through international organizations. This research aims to examine the role of one particular international organization, the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF), in developing education with a gender focus in Bolivia and Brazil. Among many mechanisms that IOs use to influence policies of nation-states, four mechanisms are chosen and analyzed to identify the ways in which and the extent to which UNICEF contributed to education policy in these countries: 1) advocacy and awareness, 2) experience and knowledge, 3) financial aid and donations, and 4) legitimization through positive rhetoric. In addition, gender inequality in education and UNICEF's efforts to reduce the gap were examined. The case studies, Brazil and Bolivia, are analyzed through the Qualitative Method of Summative Content Analysis of newsletters, articles and educational reports found on the official pages of UNICEF’s local offices and the respective governments. When comparing the cases, which present divergent historical, socioeconomic, cultural, gender inequality and educational characteristics, findings show that the influence that UNICEF has is stronger in Brazil than in Bolivia in terms of creating and changing policies. UNICEF Brazil focuses on seeking regulatory changes with strong local participation. This feature has allowed the agency to participate alongside national policy makers with direct influence. On the other hand, in Bolivia, though there is active participation, its influence occurs indirectly, and no recent policy changes have been found. The differences between the two countries appear in the government-UNICEF relationship, even though UNICEF has a long standing relationship of trust with both.Item Differences between populist and non-populist approaches to science-based policies: the cases of climate change, Covid-19 pandemic and vaccine campaigns in the 2021 preelection term of Germany(Antalya Bilim Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 2023) Ağar, Besna Deniz; Cenker Özek, Işıl CeremThis study explains the differences between populist and non-populist approaches toward science-based debates which have been increasing in recent times such as the COVID-19 Pandemic, vaccine campaigns and climate change. This study compared the populist leaders of the Alternative for Germany Party (Tino Chrupalla and Prof. Dr. Jörg Meuthen) and Olaf Scholz as a non-populist who is the chancellor candidate of the SPD Party. The comparison was made via their tweets focusing on the last 4-months period of Germany's 2021 election period. The most prominent finding of the triangle of populism, science and democracy is that policies based on scientific knowledge and the principle of public representation of democracy are not always comprehensive mutually. Although some studies underline more ideology-based factors, this study explains how populism-based discourses, such as the general will of the people, shaped attitudes toward science-based policies and host ideologies of populism such as right-wing and left-wing only played a reinforcement role. According to the comparison of the tweets of Olaf Scholz and AfD Party leaders; i) While populist leaders attacked restrictive policies regarding climate change and the COVID-19 Pandemic, Scholz emphasized that restrictive policies are vital and necessary, ii) while populist leaders totally prioritized the economical interests of the citizens against restrictive policies, Olaf Scholz interpreted as constructive the economic consequences of green industry transformation iii) While Scholz underlined the great importance of international cooperation, populist leaders mentioned little or didn’t support the cooperation of international organizations on climate change and the COVID19 Pandemic iv) While Scholz made no references to scientists, populist leaders openly attacked scientists and scientific institutions v) While Scholz did not include any disinformation, Prof. Dr. Jörg Meuthen who is the leader of the AfD appealed to disinformation in his some tweets.Item The role of Erasmus mobility in the European Union’s soft power: the cases of Akdeniz University and Antalya Bilim University(Antalya Bilim Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 2022) Uyar, Natali; Korkmaz, DicleUtilizing Joseph Nye’s concept of soft power, the research examines the extent to which Erasmus mobility program contributes to the European Union’s soft power in the cases of Akdeniz University and Antalya Bilim University. The research finds that Erasmus mobility positively affected the perceptions of the participants about the European Union. Approximately 95% of the respondents recommended the Erasmus program. About 80% of the participants wish to go to Europe again. More than 50% of respondents plan to live or work in Europe. 95% of respondents are attracted by European culture. Most Erasmus participants are committed to European shared values. After Erasmus, the rate of students who define themselves as international or global citizens increased to 50%. This research finds that freedom, rule of law and prosperity are the prominent values. Erasmus beneficiaries emphasize that the level of democracy and freedoms, quality of education and technological developments are better in Western Europe. Respect and openness highlighted by respondents within the scope of European traditions show that political liberalism and democratic values are embedded in the culture. Turkish students had more vivid impressions of European culture, and their awareness of cultural differences increased more than foreign participants. Erasmus program is effective when political values and cultural components of soft power are evaluated. Data was insufficient to make an assessment on the foreign policy component.Item Understanding how the bond between the populist leader and "the people" is formed: Hugo Chávez and Donald Trump cases(Antalya Bilim Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 2023) Bervis Canelon, Miguel Alberto; Cenker-Özek, Işıl CeremThis thesis questions the formation of the bond between the populist leader and his/her followers. This relationship is key for understanding the populist phenomenon. Until now, studies have mostly addressed populist leader's charisma as an explanation for his/her appeal to the people. The present study employs a selection of election campaign speeches from two of the most controversial populist figures of recent times, Hugo Chávez and Donald Trump, and it focuses on the populists' construction of the leader-people bond. For this purpose, the study utilizes directed content analysis method. The findings point out five mechanisms which are incorporated into populist leaders' narrative, and which are used to create the leader-people bond. These are: self-construction as "the leader," the non-verbal communication, the construction of the concept of "the people", the identification of a crisis and the people's mobilization. The study concludes by arguing that the leader-people bond is constructed with these mechanisms, yet the weight of these mechanisms changes from one political/cultural context to another. Also, the strength of this bond depends on the people' effective engagement with these mechanisms.Item Dystopia in contemporary Xinjiang: human rights violations against Uyghur Muslims by China(Antalya Bilim Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 2023) Aarif, Hina; Kasapsaraçoğlu, İbrahim MuratRecently human rights organisations have criticised the discriminatory framework being drawn by the Chinese government in the autonomous region of Xinjiang, China, against the minority Uyghur Muslims. Reports from Human rights organisations like Uyghur Human Rights Project (UHRP) have surfaced where Chinese government is seen using brute force, repression, and detention to control movement within the autonomous region of Xinjiang. According to the Chinese government, the strict measures being implemented on the Uyghurs are so done to counter terrorist activities within the north-western region. The state of China is strongly criticized and condemned by European Parliament and is accused by Uyghurs of human rights violation, who have fled to foreign countries from Xinjiang fearing persecution by the Chinese government. This thesis is intended to draw a profound summary to criticise and question the government about its plans for Xinjiang and the Uyghur Muslims. The purpose of writing this thesis is to bring certain important issues under the microscope so as to analyse the extent of China's approach and aim to control a particular ethnic and religious community in Xinjiang. The thesis aims to contribute to the understanding of the situation of Uyghurs in particular and the human rights violations in China in general.Item Emotional factors as determinants of political participation: a qualitative study of youth in Antalya, Turkey(Antalya Bilim Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 2023) Çiftçi, Ayberk Erdem; Cenker-Özek, Işıl CeremThe aim of this study is to analyze the emotional factors affecting the different forms of political participation of Turkish youth. The Turkish youth included in this study are aged between eighteen and thirty-five, they reside in three central municipalities of Antalya (Konyaaltı, Muratpaşa and Kepez), and they are either a party member or not. Qualitative research methods, especially in-depth interviews, are used in the study to evaluate the impact of emotional factors on the forms of political participation. Political participation forms are examined in two categories as conventional political participation and non-conventional/alternative political participation. Antalya and its three central municipalities were selected by convenient sampling method to control for contextual factors. In-depth and group interviews were used to collect data. Thirty-five people, eighteen of whom are party members and seventeen of whom are not members of political parties, participated in the study. The findings of the study show that positive emotional factors are effective in party members' preference for conventional political participation methods such as attending party rallies, taking roles in youth wings and participating in civil society activities. On the other hand, the non-members' preferences on conventional and unconventional modes are affected by the level of feeling of positive and negative emotional factors. Other factors that are focused apart from emotional factors are the number and effectiveness of peer relationships, alienation, problem-focused motivations, socio-economic status, and perception of civic duty.Item State building in Afghanistan with the engagement of the international community(Antalya Bilim Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 2023) Khpalwak, Hamedullah; Turan, GözdeThe present research has focused on the role of the international community in state building process while considering the case of Afghanistan in particular and to what extent the process of state building in Afghanistan has resulted in security for the people of Afghanistan. The study has used qualitative research methodology to address the research questions. The primary sources of data collection were interviews from 15 experts and academicians using snowball sampling technique while the secondary sources of data collection included books, journals, newspapers and articles. Thematic analysis was used for data analysis. The study has found effectiveness of state building process pertaining to security for people in Afghanistan. It was revealed that security, education and infrastructure situation is improving in Afghanistan however, there are still areas where international community has to play more active role. The study supports the argument that any intervention by the international community without full commitment and better allocated resources is bound to failure as is the case in Afghanistan.Item Operational code analysis for the canadian prime minister Justin Trudeau: an attempt to understand the outcome of the new nafta(Antalya Bilim Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 2022) Aboualkhair, Ahmed Rawhi Alabd; Halistoprak, Burak ToygarCanada's Prime Minister Justin Trudeau is a member of the Liberal Party of Canada and is known for his profound liberal ideals and liberal foreign policy orientations. This thesis examines Justin Trudeau using the Operational Code Analysis (OCA) framework, which is a political psychology specialty. This thesis aims to see if there is a link between Justin Trudeau's political ideas and his foreign policy behavior toward the United States from 2017 to 2021. The central hypothesis of this thesis is that Justin Trudeau has a positive correlation with the norming group of other North American presidents. In this context, the study uses operational code analysis on Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau in an attempt to decipher the black box of Trudeau's leadership style and foreign policy preferences in light of NAFTA's most recent amendment.Item Iranian influence and covert intentions toward Afghanistan(Antalya Bilim Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 2022) Zia, Ahmad Ramiz; Uyar, MesutIran has been a key player in the political settlement of the Middle East, Persian Gulf, and to some extent Central Asian countries. In terms of Iran-Afghanistan ties, both countries consider themselves as the origin of Persian culture. Currently, Iran and Afghanistan share common cultural, linguistic, religious values, economic interdependencies, as well as share a 900 km porous border. The purpose of this study is to examine the Iranian meddling foreign policy, particularly in Afghanistan's domestic and foreign affairs. Having a porous border, historical and multilateral ties, and Iranian regional objectives transforms Afghanistan’s power settlement as a key driver for Iranian foreign policy. As a result, to safeguard Iranian security concerns, economic ambitions, and national interests in the region, the power settlement in Afghanistan crucially matters for the Iran regime. Seeking Iranian foreign policy and regional intuitions instigate Tehran to get involved in Afghanistan’s internal and international affairs.