The attachment of contemporary facade and roof elements to historical structures and an examination of the relationship of construction - material adaptation on Turkey and world examples

Abstract

Preserving the historical and cultural heritage and transferring it to future generations is very important for the sustainability of the cultural values. In order for historical buildings to be long-lasting and to be passed on to future generations, they must be adapted to contemporary usage conditions by changing existing functions or adding secondary functions when necessary. In this sense, historical buildings undergo renewal processes such as integration, renewal, re-functioning and modern addition.In these processes, it is important to protect the uniqueness of the buildings, to cause minimum damage to the building with minimal intervention, and to prevent the historical texture of contemporary additions, in line with the principles of preservation. Therefore, the aim of the study is to examine the relationship between the integration-re-functioning-contemporary supplementary applications and the building in the context of physical, visual, material selection and design approaches by considering contemporary elements that are articulated to historical buildings on different structures. In addition, it is the interpretation of the positive and negative effects on the buildings by investigating the differences between the interpretation of the integration in the historical structure and the contemporary annex approaches on the basis of countries. The method of the study has been determined as the shaping of the contemporary building elements that are attached to the historical buildings in Turkey and the world, and the physical-visual harmony of the material with the structure according to the criteria determined in accordance with international regulations, declarations, principles and standards. Based on the fact that the renewal process and the results of the buildings differ on the basis of countries, a total of 10 different structures, 5 from Turkey and 5 from the world, have been selected and researched. The articulation forms of the roof and facade elements applied to the selected buildings and the visual-formal harmony of the contemporary material with the structure were determined by literature review, by examining the visual sources and by making the research analysis into a comparative table. A survey was conducted on architects and restoration experts to investigate how the examined buildings are perceived and interpreted by the experts of the subject. As a result of the study, it was observed that the effect of the material selection and shaping of the contemporary elements used in the process of renovating historical buildings on the building has different results in physical and visual contexts on the basis of countries. When the formation of the contemporary elements applied to historical buildings in the process of restoration and re-functioning is examined in line with the preservation rules, it is seen that there is a universal common language, but it has been revealed that there are differences between countries in their implementation.