http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12566/420 2026-04-10T13:19:01Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12566/2118 A novel qualitative risk assessment using the interval-valued spherical fuzzy extension of TOPSIS method: a case study in rail transit systems Ak, Muhammet Fatih; Demir, Emre This article introduces an innovative approach for risk assessment in rail transit systems, addressing the limitations of traditional methodologies. Our proposed method combines the modified Fine–Kinney approach with the interval-valued spherical fuzzy extension of the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (IVSF-TOPSIS). By leveraging interval-valued fuzzy sets and spherical fuzzy sets, we capture nuanced uncertainties more effectively. This study differs from previous risk assessment methods by integrating IVSF sets into Fine–Kinney methodologies. Unlike traditional methods, our approach integrates IVSF sets to enhance the handling of uncertainty, resulting in a more comprehensive risk assessment. The proposed model includes parameters such as cost, preventability, and personal protective use, alongside severity, probability, and frequency. This inclusion, alongside expert opinions, enriches the analysis and ensures a more realistic risk evaluation. Applied to the Antalya rail transit (ANTRAY) system in Turkey, the study demonstrates the method’s applicability through a comprehensive case study. Four experts with extensive field and academic experience in rail transit systems and risk analysis contributed their evaluations, ensuring the thoroughness and accuracy of the results. Limited experts’ input yields consistent and high-correlation findings, enhancing result validity and applicability. Eight most exposed hazard groups, analyzed in this study, aid in producing applicable solutions for risk mitigation. The outcomes provide a prioritized list of risks and actionable insights for managing these risks effectively. By combining quantitative and qualitative data through intervalvalued fuzzy sets, our approach bridges the gap between different types of information, resulting in a holistic and reliable risk assessment. Consequently, our novel methodology not only overcomes the limitations of traditional approaches but also offers a practical and comprehensive framework for decision making. By providing a clearer understanding of uncertainties and their impacts, our approach contributes to safer and more efficient rail transit operations. 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12566/2117 Pythagorean fuzzy based AHP-VIKOR integration to assess rail transportation systems in Turkey Demir, Emre; Ak, Muhammet Fatih; Sarı, Kaan Rail transit systems, one of the important public transportation (PT) systems, are widespread in large cities to satisfy passengers or commuters for their daily trips. However, rail transportation (RT) investments are costly, and the budgets are minimal. Thus assessing RT systems in big cities play a crucial role in deciding on the best RT investment. In this study, for the first time, a two-stage fuzzy set is used among the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) studies in the area of transportation. The proposed method is a unique technique integrating the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Vise Kriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) techniques with an extension of Pythagorean fuzzy sets. In this manner, datasets from the observations of three rail lines in Antalya, one of the largest cities in Turkey, are applied to the proposed method. Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP), a commonly used MCDM method, is used to weighting four main criteria and thirteen sub-factors. AHP is strengthened by interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy numbers (IVPFNs). The Fuzzy VIKOR (FVIKOR) approach is then applied for the prioritization of three rail line alternatives. Results are achieved by analyzing not only real RT service observations, also actual RT expenditures or costs. Consequently, the uncertainty in results is thus minimized. Outcomes of the case study reveal the most serviceable RT line in the city evaluating the main criteria, namely economy, comfort, environment, and safety. Therefore, the proposed approach methodologically contributes to adopting a new insight into the integration of MCDM methods with fuzzy set. 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12566/1881 Investigating remote working spaces during the COVID-19 pandemic Sarı, Ramazan; Çalışkan, Ekrem Bahadır; Ak, Muhammet Fatih The business world has experienced a pandemic for three years, affecting the workforce's productivity and efficiency. Since workers' well-being and satisfaction are crucial to effective workforce management, organizations and authorities make the employee's well-being and satisfaction the primary target to be achieved even in the post-pandemic period. Many countries and organizations have developed strategies to meet the emerging requirements of the business world. Like other countries, many of the workgroups in Türkiye were also forced to adopt working-from-home (WFH) practices. Although a substantial number of research studies were conducted for investigating well-being and productivity, there is still a need for empirical studies investigating WFH satisfaction and the well-being of workers to be used as a reference and guide for research. A survey was designed and implemented among employees from Türkiye to inspect and measure negative and positive relations between the physical work environment, well-being, and satisfaction of WFH workers. Regarding the range of participants, the survey results could be generalized to illustrate challenges, conditions, and aspects of working-from-home practices in Türkiye to define remote working spaces.; İş dünyası üç yıldır süren bir pandemi deneyimi yaşadı ve bu durum işgücünün verimliliği ve etkinliği üzerinde etkili oldu. Çalışanları refahı ve memnuniyeti etkili işgücü yönetimi için önemli olduğundan, kuruluşlar ve yetkililer, çalışanların refahını ve memnuniyetini pandemic sonrası dönemde bile ulaşılması gereken birincil hedef olarak belirlemektedir. Birçok ülke ve kuruluş, iş dünyasının ortaya çıkan gereksinimlerini karşılamak için stratejiler geliştirmiştir. Diğer ülkeler gibi, Türkiye'deki birçok çalışma grubu da evden çalışma uygulamalarını benimsemek zorunda kalmıştır. Performans, refah ve verimlilki konusunda önemli sayıda araştırma yapılmış olmasına rağmen, çalışanların evden çalışma memnuniyeti ve refahını inceleyen ampirik çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu tür çalışmalar, referans ve araştırma rehberi olarak kullanılmak üzere Türkiye’deki çalışanların evden çalışma memnuniyeti ve refahını incelemek ve ölçmek için bir anket tasarlanmış ve uygulanmıştır. Katılımcılar aralığı açısından, anket sonuçları, zorlukları, koşulları ve evden çalışma uygulamalarının yönlerini belirlemek için genelleştirilebilir ve Türkiye'deki uzaktan çalışma alanlarını tanımlayabilir. 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12566/1571 Control measure prioritization in Fine - Kinney-based risk assessment: a Bayesian BWM-Fuzzy VIKOR combined approach in an oil station Gül, Muhammet; Yücesan, Melih; Ak, Muhammet Fatih The Fine - Kinney is a risk assessment method widely used in many industries due to its ease of use and quantitative risk evaluation. As in other methods, it is a method that recommends taking a series of control measures for operational safety. However, it is not always possible to implement control measures based on the determined priorities of the risks. It is considered that determining the priorities of these measures depends on many criteria such as applicability, functionality, performance, and integrity. Therefore, this study has studied the prioritization of control measures in Fine − Kinney-based risk assessment. The criteria affecting the prioritization of control measures are hierarchically structured, and the importance weights of the criteria are determined by the Bayesian Best–Worst Method (BBWM). The priorities of control measures were determined with the fuzzy VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (FVIKOR) method. The proposed model has been applied to the risk assessment process in a petrol station’s liquid fuel tank area. According to the results obtained with BBWM, the most important criterion affecting the prioritization of control measures is the applicability criterion. It has an importance weight of about 42%. It is followed by performance with 31%, functionality with 18%, and integrity with 10%, respectively. FVIKOR results show that the “Periodic control of the ventilation device” measure is the top priority for Fine − Kinney risk assessment. “The absence of any ducts or sewer pits that may cause gas accumulation in the tank area and near the dispenser; Yellow line marking of entry and exit and vehicle roads; Placing of speed limit warning signs” has been determined as a secondary priority. On conclusion, this proposed model is expected to bring a new perspective to the work of occupational health and safety analysts, since the priority suggested by Fine − Kinney risk analysis methods is not always in the same order as the one in the stage of taking action, and the source, budget, and cost/benefit ratio of the measure affect this situation in practice. 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z